Long non-coding RNAs Amplification and Metabolic and cardiovascular Disorders in the Dominican Republic

Abstract

Introduction: The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly evident and represents a growing challenge for global public health. This situation exposes a particularly vulnerable population and poses significant challenges for healthcare. The underlying factors of this complex association include both environmental influences and genetic and epigenetic predispositions. Among the latter, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant players in the pathophysiology of both T2DM and CVD. Objectives: Analyze the gene expression of 4 lncRNAs in 26 patients with DM who did not present CVD and 26 patients with type 2 DM with the presence of CVD, and compare the expression of these 4 lncRNAs in both groups. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted for 4 lncRNAs linked to T2DM and CVD, and their expression in participants was analyzed using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 10.2.3. Results: Among the 4 lncRNAs analyzed (CDKN2BAS1, KCNQ1OT1, MIAT, MALAT1), significantly increased expression of KCNQ1OT1 and MIAT (p value=0.05) was observed in patients with type 2 DM linked to CVD. Conclusions: The results obtained highlight that the lncRNAs KCNQ1OT1 and MIAT may play an important role as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the combined management of type 2 DM and CVD. Additionally, they suggest the need to study the population genetics of Dominicans in the context of mixed populations to understand the dimensions of association between these and diseases.