Survey of 138 Conjunctival Tumors in the Dominican Republic

Abstract

Purpose: To report the frequency of conjunctival tumors in the Dominican Republic. Methods: Retrospective noninterventional case series. One hundred thirty-eight consecutive patients with a conjunctival mass evaluated at two tertiary referral centers from 2010 to 2018. Main outcome measures were frequency of tumors by diagnosis and distribution of tumors relative to patients' age and gender. Results: The mean age at presentation was 41.2 years (median, 42 years; range 10 days - 91 years). There were 83 male patients (60%) and 55 female patients (40%). The three most common specific diagnoses were junctional, compound, and subepithelial naevi (47 [34%]), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (26 [19%]) and conjunctival squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) (17 [12%]). The mean age at detection was 36.5 years for non-malignant tumors and 56.3 years for malignant tumors (p < .001), with a mean difference of 19.8 years at time of diagnosis (95% CI, 10.7-28.8). Benign tumors were more common in children and young adults; malignant and premalignant tumors were more common in mid and older adults (p = .009). Malignant tumors were more common in males (73%) than in females (27%) (p = .04). Conclusion: In the Dominican Republic, conjunctival tumors are benign (63%), premalignant (13%) and malignant (24%). Malignant tumors are more common in older adults and men.